Avaliação de protocolos para indução de inatividade ovariana em gatas domésticas / Evaluation of protocols for induction of inactivity ovarian in domestic cats

Os índices de prenhez após inseminação artificial em felídeos selvagens não são satisfatórios devido ao variável ambiente endócrino após a estimulação com gonadotropinas. O objetivo deste estudo consistiuem aumentar a taxa de sucesso em programas de inseminação artificial em gatas domésticas (animal modelo). As fêmeas (n=9) foram divididas em três grupos, cada um com três animais, sendo: 1) controle(C), somente 200 UI eCG/ 100 UI hCG ; 2) levonorgestrel oral (L)(0,075 mg) durante 37 dias + eCG/hCG; 3) etonogestrel (E), implante subdérmico durante 37 dias + eCG/hCG. Foram submetidas ao exame laparoscópico 29-39 horas após a administração de hCG para verificação da resposta ovariana e realização de esfregaço vaginal para monitoração da fase do ciclo estral. Foram coletadas amostras de fezes 60 dias antes e 60 dias após o tratamento com gonadotropinas para dosagem hormonal de estrógenos. Os resultados foram avaliados através do Teste ANOVA. Os níveis de significância mostraram que o Grupo E, em contraste com o Grupo C e o Grupo L, apresentou inibição satisfatória das concentrações de estrógenos durante a sua utilização. O grupo L não apresentou inibição ovariana durante o tratamento e diferença significativa em relação ao Grupo C. No exame laparoscópico todas as fêmeas dos grupos C, L e E apresentaram folículos e 77% das fêmeas apresentaram corpo lúteo. Também apresentaram células epiteliais superficiais anucleadas e nucleadas características de estro. Concluiu-se que a utilização de implantes de etonogestrel em gatas domésticas mostrou-se eficaz, possibilitando asua utilização prévia aos programas de inseminação artificial, aspiração folicular e também para a contracepção.

Reproductive success in endangered captive small felids species is veryl ow. Due to great variability in endocrine environment post gonadotropin treatment, after artificial insemination pregnancy rates are very low. Nowadays, ovarian activity controll improves the AI success in many species. In this study, new protocols were compared to improve the fertilization rates in artificial insemination programs in domestic cat. Female domestic cats were divided in three treatments: 1) control (eCG/hCG); 2) levonorgestrel (0.075 mg) orally during 37days + eCG/hCG; 3) etonogestrel subdermal implant during 37days + eCG/hCG: Laparoscopies were done 29-39 hours post hCG treatment to verify ovarian activity. Vaginal swabs were collected at laparoscopic procedures. Fecal samples were colected 60 days before, during and 60 days after the gonadotropin treatment for estradiol assay. Means comparisons were done by ANOVA test. Results demonstrated that etonogestrel (implant) and not oral levonorgestrel successfully suppressed ovarian activity. The levonorgestrel group didnot show ovarian inactivity during the administration, presenting oestradiol peaks and without significative diference comparing to control group. All females presented anuclear and nuclear superficial vaginal epithelial cells at laparoscopies. In conclusion, the etonogestrel implant used in the domestic cat was efficient and can be used previous to gonadotropin protocol in artificial insemination programs, follicular aspiration and contraception

A double blind randomized control trial, comparing effect of drospirenone and gestodene to sexual desire and libido.

BACKGROUND: Oral contraceptive is the most commonly used method of fertility control. Yasmin is a combination of a novel progestogen with anti-androgenic and anti-mineralcorticoid activities (3 mg Drospirenone (DRSP) and 30 microg ethinylestradiol (EE)). It has been shown in many clinical trials that Yasmin is an efficacious oral contraceptive, lacking undesired effects as with other oral contraceptives such as weight gain. However the effects of Yasmin on sexual desire and libido have not been intensively investigated so far OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effects of Yasmin on sexual desire, libido and changes in the free androgen index (FAI) compare to Meliane (75 microg gestodene + 20 microg ethinylestradiol). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The authors' report the results of a double blind randomized controlled study using a translated version of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire (FSFI) for the assessment of the sexual function. The free androgen index was calculated from measurements of testosterone and sexual hormone binding globulin. RESULT: The result shows statistically significant improvements regarding sexual desire, arousal and overall satisfaction in the Yasmin group. Additionally, an increased frequency of orgasms in the Meliane group was reported. Statistically significant differences between the two treatments regarding changes in the FSFI score and changes in the free androgen index have not been observed. CONCLUSION: The novel oral contraceptive containing drospirenone (Yasmin) and the non-anti-androgenic progestin containing oral contraceptive (Meliane) do not show unfavorable effects on sexual response and libido.

Effects of biphasic oral contraceptives containing desogestrel (Oilezz) on cycle control facial acne and seborrhea in healthy Thai women.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the effects of a new biphasic oral contraceptive (Oilezz) on cycle control as well as mild to moderate acne and facial seborrhea of healthy fertile Thai women. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The trial is a prospective, open, non-comparative, single center study. Fifty healthy, fertile Thai women with mild to moderate facial acne were recruited to study a specific drug (Oilezz) for 6 months. RESULTS: At the beginning, 66% of the subjects had mild acne and 34% had moderate acne. Significant improvements in facial seborrhea grades (as indicated by Sebutape assessments) were found after the first cycle. These improvements increased steadily and were much larger after the sixth cycle. There were no statistically significant changes in body weight or blood pressure during the study. No serious adverse events were reported. There were no mood changes, migraine, rash, abdominal discomfort, malaise, nausea and decrease in libido during the study period The premenstrual symptoms at initiation were 21 cases (42%). The symptoms were 4 (8%) with headache, 8 (16%) with breast tenderness, 5 (10%) with dysmenorrhea and one (2%) with bleeding irregularity. These symptoms were improved in the third and the sixth cycles. The percentage of women with spotting or bleeding increased after first cycle, compared with baseline and gradually decreased during subsequent cycles. After the sixth cycle of treatment, all subjects had improvement of acne. 80% of cases recovered from acne and there were only 20% had mild acne. CONCLUSION: Facial seborrhea and acne improved significantly with Oilezz. It is good to control cycle without change in body weight and blood pressure. Therefore, Oilezz can be used for treatment of seborrhea and acne and as a contraceptive.

In vivo induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) by lynestrenol.

Genotoxicity study of synthetic progestin lynestrenol, was carried out on mouse bone marrow cells using sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) as parameters. Lynestrenol was studied at three different doses (6.87, 13.75 and 27.50 mg/kg body wt.). SCE and CA increased significantly as compared to normal control when treated with lynestrenol at 13.75 and 27.50 mg/kg body wt. The present results suggest that lynestrenol has both a genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in mouse bone marrow cells.

Avaliaçao audiológica em mulheres que fazem uso de anticoncepcionais hormonais orais / Audiological assessment in womwn taking oral hormonal contraceptive

Tema: avaliaçao audiológica am mulheres que fazem uso de anticoncepcionais hormonais orais. Objetivo: verificar a açao de anticoncepcionais hormonais orais sobre o sistema auditivo periférico. Método: investigaçao da capacidade auditiva e da auto-percepçao auditiva em mulheres (18 a 25 anos), distribuídos em dois grupos: I (Controle) - 19 que nunca fizeram uso da droga; II(Estudo) - 19 estavam fazendo uso da droga (período médio=67 meses). Resultados: Gráficos e Tabelas mostraram os achados das avaliaçoes e das análises estatísticas nos dois grupos. Conclusao: o uso de anticoncepcionais orais nao determina alteraçao da capacidade auditiva, mas favorece a ocorrência de zumbido.

Endometrial pattern in long-term users of NET-EN.

Endometrial biopsies were obtained from one hundred Thai NET-EN users who were treated for at least 5 yrs. Seventy-four and 26 per cent of them were obtained twelve and 1 wk after last injection, respectively. The endometrium gave an inactive progestational pattern in 75 per cent, proliferative phase 23 per cent and secretory phase 2 per cent. No endometrial carcinoma occurred in this study.